. Divides on single broadcast domain into multiple broadcast domains.
VLANs provide a way to group devices within a LAN
VLAN divides into a single broadcast domain into multiple broadcast domains.
- Limit the number of broadcast
- Better performance
- Security
VLAN – Benefits
- Limit the number of broadcasts
- Improves the network performance and reduce network congestion
- A higher level of network security can be reached by separating sensitive data traffic from other network traffic.
VLAN Types
- Default VLAN (VLAN 1)-
- Data VLAN
- Voice VLAN
- Management VLAN
- Native VLAN
- Default VLAN
- On Cisco switches the default VLAN is VLAN 1.
- At the initial boot up of the switch, All switch ports become a member of the default VLAN.
- VLAN 1 has all the features of any VLAN, Except that you can’t rename or delete it.
2. Data VLAN ( User VLAN)
- Also know as a user VLAN
- The link connected to your computer is assigned to a data VLAN
- The data VLAN is designed only for user-generated data
3. Voice VLAN
- A separate VLAN is needed to support Voice over IP (VoIP)
- Voice VLAN enables access ports to carry IP voice traffic from an IP phone
- The Voice VLAN is also know as the Auxiliary VLAN ( AUX VLAN)
- IP phones user the same UTP cables to connect to Ethernet switch
- The computer will be in a data VLAN, the IP phone will be in the voice VLAN
- The Cisco IP Phone contain an integrated three-port 10.100 switch
4. Management VLAN
- Used for managing the switch from a remote location by using protocols such as telnet, SSH, SNMP, syslog etc
- Normally the management VLAN is VLAN1, but you can use any VLAN as a management VLAN
- A best practice is to set up a separate VLAN for management traffic
- Cisco recommends not to use VLAN 1 and not to use any VLAN that carries user data traffic as management VLAN
- You must configure IP address and default gateway for management VLAN
| VLAN Ranges | Range | Use | Propagated |
| 0, 4095 | Reserved | For system use only. VLANs cannot be seen or used. | — |
| 1 | Normal | Cisco default VLAN. This VLAN can be used but not modified or deleted. | Yes |
| 2-1001 | Normal | These VLANs can be created, used, and deleted. | Yes |
| 1002-1005 | Normal | Cisco defaults for FDDI and Token Ring. These cannot be deleted. | Yes |